Excavator parts manufacturers introduce the common classification of hydraulic pumps to you

2025-08-29

Types of commonly used hydraulic pumps:

1. According to whether the flow rate is adjustable, pumps can be divided into variable displacement pumps and fixed displacement pumps.

A variable pump is one whose output flow rate can be adjusted according to need, while a fixed-displacement pump is one whose flow rate cannot be adjusted.

2. According to the commonly used pump structures in hydraulic systems, there are three types: gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps.

Gear pump: It has a small volume, simple structure, and is not particularly demanding on oil cleanliness, making it relatively inexpensive; however, the pump shaft is subjected to unbalanced forces, resulting in severe wear and significant leakage.

Vane pump: It is divided into double-acting vane pump and single-acting vane pump. This type of pump features uniform flow, stable operation, low noise, higher working pressure and volumetric efficiency than gear pumps, and a more complex structure than gear pumps.

Piston pump: high volumetric efficiency, low leakage, capable of operating under high pressure, mostly used in high-power hydraulic systems; however, it has a complex structure, requires high material and processing precision, is expensive, and demands high cleanliness of the oil.

Piston pumps are typically employed when gear pumps and vane pumps fail to meet the requirements. There are also other types of hydraulic pumps, such as screw pumps, but their applications are not as widespread as the aforementioned three types.