What exactly is a hydraulic pump

2025-08-13

Classification of hydraulic pumps:

According to the different pump structures commonly used in hydraulic pump systems, they are divided into three types: gear pumps, vane pumps, and piston pumps.

Gear pump

It has a small volume, simple structure, and low requirements for oil cleanliness from the central authority, and the quotation is cheap; however, the pump shaft is subjected to unbalanced forces, resulting in severe wear and large leakage. It has high volumetric power, small leakage, and can work under high pressure, making it commonly used in high-power hydraulic systems; but its structure is complex, requiring high material and processing precision, high quotation, and high oil cleanliness. Generally, piston pumps are used when gear pumps and vane pumps cannot meet the demand. There are also other hydraulic pumps such as screw pumps, but they are suitable for the above three types.

Vane pump

It is divided into double vane pumps and single vane pumps. This type of pump features uniform flow, stable operation, low noise, and higher working pressure and volumetric power than gear pumps, but its structure is more complex than that of gear pumps.

Features:

1. The plan is reasonable. By processing the circular arc blades, the compressive stress on the blades towards the stator is reduced, thereby increasing the service life of both the stator and the blades;

2. The stator adopts a high-pass, shock-free transition, ensuring excellent motion and stress conditions for the blades, and achieving superior contact between the blades and the stator. It sacrifices flow rate, resulting in minimal pressure and flow rate pulsations, low noise, and long service life.

3. Choose an insertable structure to make the internal organs the assembly method. The heart replacement of the water pump can be completed in a few minutes

Piston pump

With high volume, low leakage, and the ability to operate under high pressure, piston pumps are often used in power hydraulic systems. However, due to their complex structure, they require high material and processing precision, high cost, and high oil cleanliness. Generally, piston pumps are used when gear pumps and vane pumps cannot meet the requirements.